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A

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), see also radiocarbon dating

aerial photography

American civilizations

Americans, native

amino acid racemization dating

analysis, scientific, see also characterisation, isotopic analysis, neutron activation analysis, spectrometry, trace elements, use-wear analysis, X-ray fluorescence

animals: extinct; see also bones, fish, insects, shells, zoology

anthropology

antiquarians, antiquarianism; see also Aubrey, Boucher de Perthes, Camden, Cyriac, Evans, John, Frere, Leland, Lhwuyd, Montelius, Petrie, Peyrere, Schliemann, Stukeley, Thomsen, Winckelmann, Woolley, Worsaae

architecture; Greek and Roman; medieval; see also buildings, building materials

artefacts: antiquarian studies; early human; experiments with; recording; use for dating; see also conservation, typology

Ashmolean Museum, Oxford

Athens

Aubrey, John

Avebury, Wiltshire

B

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barrows

Bible

Binford, Lewis

biology

biostratigraphic dating

birds

blood

bones: animal; bone artefacts; bird; dating methods; fish; human; see also otoliths, teeth

botany

Boucher de Perthes, Jacques

British Museum, London

bronze

Bronze Age; Greek

building materials: brick; clay; concrete/mortar; mud-brick; stone; timber; wattle and daub

buildings, structures: foundations; post-holes; reconstruction; roofing

burial mounds

burials: cemeteries; cremations; grave-goods; inhumations; see also human remains, megalithic tombs, reburial

Butser Ancient Farm

C

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Camden, William

camp sites

castles

catchment analysis

cation-ratio dating

caves

cemeteries

characterisation

Childe, V. Gordon

churches, cathedrals

civilizations: discovery; emergence

clay; pottery

climate

coins; use for dating

collectors, collections; see also museums

computers, computing; see also GIS

concrete

conservation: of artefacts; of sites and landscapes

copper

Copper Age

coprolites

Corbridge, Northumberland

crannogs

crop-marks

cross-dating

cultural resource management

cultures, culture history

Cyriac of Ancona

D

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Darwin, Charles; see also evolution

dating: absolute; by association; relative; terminus ante quem; terminus post quem; see also coins, cross-dating, historical, sequence, seriation, stratigraphy

dating, scientific; see also amino acid racemization, biostratigraphy, cation-ratio, electron spin resonance, fission-track, fluorine/uranium/nitrogen, geological, ice-sheet cores, magnetic, obsidian hydration, optical, potassium-argon, radiocarbon, seriation, thermoluminescence (TL), tree-ring, uranium series, varves, volcanic ash

decipherment

dendrochronology

diet

diffusionism

disease

DNA

domestication

dowsing

Druids

E

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ecology

economics, ancient

EDM (electronic distance meter)

Egypt; artefacts; historical records; sites and monuments

electron spin resonance (ESR) dating

English Heritage

environmental archaeology; see also climate, plants, pollen, soil science, tree-rings

ethnicity; see also race

ethnoarchaeology

Evans, John

Evans, Arthur

evolution; see also social evolution

excavation techniques: 19th century; burials; open area; sections; stone structures; timber structures; trenches; underwater

experimental archaeology; see also building reconstruction, Butser, use-wear

F

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fakes

feminism

fieldwork: antiquarian; field survey; fieldwalking

fish, fishing

fission-track dating

flint

flotation

fluorine/uranium/nitrogen dating

fluxgate gradiometer

formation processes

fossils

Frere, John

G

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gender

genetics

geography; see also GIS

geological dating

geology; see also fossils, petrology, stratification

geophysical prospecting and surveying; see also dowsing, metal detectors, radar, sonar

GIS (Geographical Information Systems)

glaciers

graves, grave-goods, see also burials

Greek archaeology

Greek civilization

H

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Hadrian's Wall

Hadrian, Emperor

Harris Matrix

Herculaneum, Italy

heritage

historical archaeology

historical dating

Hodder, Ian

hominids

Hoxne, Suffolk

human antiquity

human remains; see also bones, hominids, mummies, pathology

hunter-gatherers

I

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Ice Age

Ice Man

ice-sheet cores

Indians, American

indigenous peoples, rights of

industrial archaeology

inscriptions

insects

Inuits

iron

Iron Age

isotopic analysis

J

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Jorvik, York

K

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Knossos, Crete

L

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landscape archaeology

lead

leather

Leland, John

Lhwuyd, Edward

Libby, Willard F

Lubbock, John

Lyell, Sir Charles

M

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magnetic dating

magnetic reversals

magnetic susceptibility

magnetometers

marble

Marx, Karl

Mary Rose

mathematics

medieval archaeology

megalithic tombs

Mesolithic

Mesopotamia

metal detectors; see also treasure hunting

metals, metalworking

microscopes; SEM

Middle Range Theory

Minoan civilization

molluscs

Montelius, Oscar

Morgan, Lewis

mortar

mud-brick

mummies

museums

Mycenaean civilization

N

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nationalism

Neanderthals

Neolithic

neutron activation

new archaeology

O

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obsidian

obsidian hydration dating

Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

optical dating

otoliths

P

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Palaeolithic palynology

pathology

Petrie, Flinders

petrology

phosphate analysis; see also soil science

Peyrère, Isaac de la

photography; photomicrographs; see also aerial photography, video

Piltdown Man

Pitt Rivers, General

place-names

plants; plant opals; see also pollen analysis, seeds, trees

politics; see also Marx, nationalism

pollen analysis

Pompeii, Italy

population

post-holes

post-processualism

potassium-argon dating

pottery

prehistoric archaeology

Prestwich, Joseph

processualism

public, and archaeology

pyramids

R

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race, racism; see also ethnicity

radar

radioactivity

radiocarbon dating; AMS; calibration; first-order

reburial of human remains

relativism

remote sensing

Renaissance

rescue archaeology

resistivity

Roman civilization

Rome, Italy

Rosetta Stone

S

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Schliemann, Heinrich

sea-bed cores

sections

seeds

SEM

sequence dating

seriation

settlement patterns

shadow sites

shells

ship-burials

ships, shipwrecks

Silbury Hill, Wiltshire

simulation studies

Sites and Monuments Records

snails

social evolution

sociology

soil science

soil-marks

sonar scanners

spatial archaeology

spectrometry

stalagmite

statistics

stone; see also stone construction

Stone Age

Stonehenge

stratification, archaeological

stratification, geological

structuralism

Stukeley, William

surveying

Sutton Hoo, Suffolk

symbolism

systems theory

T

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Tacitus

taphonomy

teeth; see also bones

tells

terminus ante quem, terminus post quem

theory, archaeological; see also ethnoarchaeology, Middle Range Theory, new archaeology, post-processualism, processualism, structuralism, systems theory

Thera (Santorini)

thermoluminescence (TL) dating

Thomsen, C J

Three-Age System

timber; see also tree-rings

tourism

towns

trace elements

trade

travellers, explorers

treasure hunting; see also metal detectors

tree-ring dating; environmental implications

Troy

typology

U

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underwater archaeology

uranium series dating

urban archaeology

use-wear analysis

V

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varves

Verulamium (St Albans), Herts

video

volcanic ash, use for dating

volcanoes

W

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weather, see climate

wetland sites

Wheeler, Mortimer

Wheeler, Tessa

Winckelmann, Johann

wood

woodland; see also trees

Woolley, Leonard

Worsaae, J

X

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X-ray examination

X-ray fluorescence

Y

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York

Z

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zoology